What is TB? TB is an infectious disease. It can cause tiredness, coughing, fever, and shortness of breath. TB usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, bones, joints and kidneys. Serious TB disease can cause meningitis. TB spreads from person to person through coughing, spitting or sneezing into the air.
There are about cases of TB in New Zealand each year. How can I protect my child from TB? The vaccine is given to your child as an injection in their upper arm. When is the best time for my child to have the BCG vaccine? It is best for your child to have the vaccine within a few days of being born and up to six months old, but they can be vaccinated any time up to five years of age.
If your child is older than six months, he or she will be tested to see if they have TB. Find out more about the BCG vaccine. Page last reviewed: 23 April Next review due: 23 April BCG TB vaccine side effects.
Side effects may include: soreness or discharge where the injection was given high temperature fever headache swollen glands under the armpit in the arm where the injection was given Most people develop a sore at the injection site. BCG vaccination scar Almost everyone when given the BCG vaccination will develop a raised bubble at the site of the injection, which may disappear soon afterwards. Allergy to the BCG vaccine Serious side effects from the BCG vaccine, such as a serious allergic reaction anaphylactic reaction , are very rare.
What does the BCG vaccine do? How is it given? The BCG vaccine is given by an injection just under the skin, usually on the upper left arm. Who should get the BCG vaccine? This includes those who: have had TB before have a positive Mantoux skin test have HIV infection have a condition or take medicines that weaken their immune system. What to expect after the BCG vaccination Reactions to vaccines also called vaccine side effects sometimes occur.
Care of the injection site Keep the area clean and dry. It is OK to bathe your child as usual. Carefully pat the area dry after washing. A wound dressing with gauze may be used if the area starts to ooze.
Use a sterile alcohol swab to clean the area if required. TB is spread from one person to another through tiny droplets released into the air when a person with TB coughs or sneezes and somebody else breathes in these droplets.
But TB is not as easy to catch as measles, the common cold or flu. You usually need to spend a long time in close contact with an infected person with TB in their lungs or throat before you catch TB. For example, TB is usually caught from family members or friends who are living in the same house. Find out how you catch TB. Your midwife, health visitor, practice nurse or GP can tell you if a BCG vaccination is recommended for your baby.
But if you have any concerns, talk to a midwife, health visitor, GP or practice nurse before going ahead with vaccination. There are no blood products in the vaccine. All of the raw materials used to make the vaccine are from non-animal origins. If you live with someone who has a weakened immune system, you cannot give them TB from having the vaccine.
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